什麼是結構化資料(Structured Data)?不是給人看的,是給爬蟲了解你網站的資料格式
用結構化的語意標記(多用 JSON-LD)向搜尋引擎明確描述頁面內容。
・Schema.org 是通用詞彙庫;Google、Bing 等會解析。
・「結構化資料」≠「一定出現 Rich Results」,顯示與否仍由搜尋引擎判斷。
為什麼它影響 SEO 與 CTR?
更豐富的展示(星等、價錢、麵包屑、FAQ 展開等)提升可見度與點擊率。
・可改善知識圖譜關聯(品牌、人物、組織、在地商家)。
・注意:Google 自 2023 起對 FAQ/HowTo 的顯示更嚴格,僅在特定情境或站點更常出現(仍可標記,但顯示不保證)。
常見 Schema 類型與適用情境
- Article/BlogPosting:內容行銷與新聞/部落格文
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "BlogPosting",
"mainEntityOfPage": {"@type": "WebPage","@id": "https://example.com/blog/schema-guide"},
"headline": "Google 結構化資料完整指南:原理、實作、驗證與避雷",
"description": "從 Schema.org 原理到 JSON-LD 實作,附範本與驗證教學。",
"image": ["https://example.com/images/schema-cover.jpg"],
"author": {"@type": "Person","name": "作者名稱"},
"publisher": {
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "品牌名稱",
"logo": {"@type": "ImageObject","url": "https://example.com/logo.png"}
},
"datePublished": "2025-09-12",
"dateModified": "2025-09-12",
"inLanguage": "zh-Hant-TW"
}
</script>
- Product + Offer + AggregateRating:商品頁(價格、庫存、評分)
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Product",
"name": "純華鮮肉貓糧 1.5kg",
"image": ["https://example.com/pureluxe-1_5kg.jpg"],
"description": "高蛋白、低碳水配方,適合成貓日常主食。",
"sku": "PLX-15",
"brand": {"@type": "Brand","name": "PureLUXE"},
"offers": {
"@type": "Offer",
"priceCurrency": "TWD",
"price": "899",
"availability": "https://schema.org/InStock",
"url": "https://example.com/product/pureluxe-1_5kg",
"itemCondition": "https://schema.org/NewCondition"
},
"aggregateRating": {
"@type": "AggregateRating",
"ratingValue": "4.8",
"reviewCount": "126"
}
}
</script>
- FAQPage:同頁面有一問一答區塊(慎用,避免多站點濫用)
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "FAQPage",
"mainEntity": [{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "什麼是 Google 結構化資料?",
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "以標準化語意描述頁面內容,幫助搜尋引擎理解,可能取得 Rich Results。"
}
},{
"@type": "Question",
"name": "一定會出現 Rich Results 嗎?",
"acceptedAnswer": {
"@type": "Answer",
"text": "不保證。是否顯示由搜尋引擎決定,並受政策變動與品質門檻影響。"
}
}]
}
</script>
- Organization/LocalBusiness:品牌官網/實體門市資訊
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "Organization",
"name": "品牌名稱",
"url": "https://example.com",
"logo": "https://example.com/logo.png",
"sameAs": ["https://www.facebook.com/brand","https://www.instagram.com/brand"]
}
</script>
- BreadcrumbList:導覽結構,提升可用性
<script type="application/ld+json">
{
"@context": "https://schema.org",
"@type": "BreadcrumbList",
"itemListElement": [
{"@type": "ListItem","position": 1,"name": "首頁","item": "https://example.com/"},
{"@type": "ListItem","position": 2,"name": "部落格","item": "https://example.com/blog/"},
{"@type": "ListItem","position": 3,"name": "Google 結構化資料指南","item": "https://example.com/blog/schema-guide"}
]
}
</script>
- Event、HowTo、Recipe…(視站點性質擴充)
實作流程
如果是封閉型網站系統,你需要請工程師在指定頁面自動從資料庫輸出JSON-LD的格式。
如果使用WP系統,你只要安裝以下知名SEO外掛即可。
Rank Math SEO – AI SEO Tools to Dominate SEO Rankings
Yoast SEO – 包含即時指南及內建AI 的進階SEO 輔助外掛
AIOSEO Official Website | WP All in One SEO Plugin
驗證與監測
你可以透過以下方法檢測網站是否有正常顯示
- 使用 Rich Results Test/Schema Markup Validator 驗證語法與對齊度。
- Google Rich Results Test: https://search.google.com/test/rich-results
- Schema.org Validator: https://validator.schema.org/
- JSON-LD Playground: https://json-ld.org/playground/
- ・Search Console:檢查「增強功能」報表、覆蓋狀態、結構化資料錯誤。
- ・真實 SERP 觀測:品牌查詢、商品名、文章標題實測顯示樣式。